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It consists of the Supreme Court of 20 permanent judges and a Chief Justice , appellate courts , city and district courts , and conciliation councils.

While the Prime Minister nominates Supreme Court Justices for office, their nomination must be approved by Parliament and formally confirmed by the Monarch in the Council of State. Usually, judges attached to regular courts are formally appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. The Courts' strict and formal mission is to regulate the Norwegian judicial system, interpret the Constitution, and as such implement the legislation adopted by Parliament.

In its judicial reviews, it monitors the legislative and executive branches to ensure that they comply with provisions of enacted legislation.

The law is enforced in Norway by the Norwegian Police Service. Norway abolished the death penalty for regular criminal acts in The legislature abolished the death penalty for high treason in war and war-crimes in In general, the legal and institutional framework in Norway is characterised by a high degree of transparency, accountability and integrity, and the perception and the occurrence of corruption are very low. However, there are some isolated cases showing that some municipalities have abused their position in public procurement processes.

Norwegian prisons are humane, rather than tough, with emphasis on rehabilitation. Norway maintains embassies in 82 countries. Norway issued applications for accession to the European Union EU and its predecessors in , and , respectively. While Denmark, Sweden and Finland obtained membership, the Norwegian electorate rejected the treaties of accession in referenda in and After the referendum, Norway maintained its membership in the European Economic Area EEA , an arrangement granting the country access to the internal market of the Union, on the condition that Norway implements the Union's pieces of legislation which are deemed relevant of which there were approximately seven thousand by [] Successive Norwegian governments have, since , requested participation in parts of the EU's co-operation that go beyond the provisions of the EEA agreement.

Non-voting participation by Norway has been granted in, for instance, the Union's Common Security and Defence Policy , the Schengen Agreement , and the European Defence Agency , as well as 19 separate programmes. Norway participated in the s brokering of the Oslo Accords , an unsuccessful attempt to resolve the Israeli—Palestinian conflict. The Norwegian Armed Forces numbers about 25, personnel, including civilian employees. According to mobilisation plans, full mobilisation produces approximately 83, combatant personnel.

Norway has conscription including 6—12 months of training ; [] in , the country became the first in Europe and NATO to draft women as well as men. However, due to less need for conscripts after the Cold War ended with the break-up of the Soviet Union, few people have to serve if they are not motivated. Today, Norway ranks as the second-wealthiest country in the world in monetary value, with the largest capital reserve per capita of any nation.

Foreign Policy magazine ranks Norway last in its Failed States Index for , judging Norway to be the world's most well-functioning and stable country. The Norwegian economy is an example of a mixed economy ; a prosperous capitalist welfare state it features a combination of free market activity and large state ownership in certain key sectors, influenced by both liberal governments from the late 19th century and later by social democratic governments in the postwar era.

Public health care in Norway is free after an annual charge of around kroner for those over 16 , and parents have 46 weeks paid [] parental leave. The state income derived from natural resources includes a significant contribution from petroleum production.

Norway has an unemployment rate of 4. The egalitarian values of Norwegian society have kept the wage difference between the lowest paid worker and the CEO of most companies as much less than in comparable western economies. The state has large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, such as the strategic petroleum sector Statoil , hydroelectric energy production Statkraft , aluminium production Norsk Hydro , the largest Norwegian bank DNB , and telecommunication provider Telenor.

When non-listed companies are included, the state has even higher share in ownership mainly from direct oil licence ownership. Norway is a major shipping nation and has the world's 6th largest merchant fleet , with 1, Norwegian-owned merchant vessels. Norway is a highly integrated member of most sectors of the EU internal market. Some sectors, such as agriculture, oil and fish, are not wholly covered by the EEA Treaty. Norway has also acceded to the Schengen Agreement and several other intergovernmental agreements among the EU member states.

The country is richly endowed with natural resources including petroleum, hydropower , fish, forests , and minerals. Large reserves of petroleum and natural gas were discovered in the s, which led to a boom in the economy. Norway has obtained one of the highest standards of living in the world in part by having a large amount of natural resources compared to the size of the population.

Norway is the first country which banned cutting of trees deforestation , in order to prevent rain forests from vanishing. Crops, that are typically linked to forests' destruction are timber, soy, palm oil and beef. Now Norway has to find a new way to provide these essential products without exerting negative influence on its environment. In , the Norwegian government established the sovereign wealth fund "Government Pension Fund — Global" , which would be funded with oil revenues, including taxes, dividends, sales revenues and licensing fees.

This was intended to reduce overheating in the economy from oil revenues, minimise uncertainty from volatility in oil price, and provide a cushion to compensate for expenses associated with the ageing of the population. Finally, the government controls licensing of exploration and production of fields. The fund invests in developed financial markets outside Norway. Between and , Norwegian companies drilled oil wells, mostly in the North Sea. Oil fields not yet in production phase include: Wisting Central —calculated size in , 65— million barrels of oil and 10 to 40 billion cubic feet 0.

Norway is also the world's second-largest exporter of fish in value, after China. The most valuable minerals are calcium carbonate limestone , building stone, nepheline syenite , olivine , iron, titanium , and nickel.

As the stock markets tumbled in September , the fund was able to buy more shares at low prices. In this way, the losses incurred by the market turmoil was recuperated by November Other nations with economies based on natural resources, such as Russia, are trying to learn from Norway by establishing similar funds. The investment choices of the Norwegian fund are directed by ethical guidelines ; for example, the fund is not allowed to invest in companies that produce parts for nuclear weapons.

Norway's highly transparent investment scheme [] is lauded by the international community. In , the government sold one-third of the state-owned oil company Statoil in an IPO. The next year, the main telecom supplier, Telenor , was listed on Oslo Stock Exchange. Since , economic growth has been rapid, pushing unemployment down to levels not seen since the early s unemployment in 1.

The international financial crisis has primarily affected the industrial sector, but unemployment has remained low, and was at 3. In contrast to Norway, Sweden had substantially higher actual and projected unemployment numbers as a result of the recession. Thousands of mainly young Swedes migrated to Norway for work during these years, which is easy, as the labour market and social security systems overlap in the Nordic Countries. In the first quarter of , the GNP of Norway surpassed Sweden's for the first time in history, although its population is half the size.

Due to the low population density, narrow shape and long coastlines of Norway, its public transport is less developed than in many European countries, especially outside the major cities.

The country has long-standing water transport traditions, but the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications has in recent years implemented rail, road, and air transport through numerous subsidiaries to develop the country's infrastructure. The railways transported 56,, passengers 2, million passenger-kilometres and 24,, tonnes of cargo 3, million tonne-kilometres. Norway has approximately 92, kilometres 57, mi of road network, of which 72, kilometres 44, mi are paved and kilometres  mi are motorway.

The most important national routes are part of the European route scheme. The two most prominent are the European route E6 going north—south through the entire country, and the E39 , which follows the West Coast. National and county roads are managed by the Norwegian Public Roads Administration. Norway has the world's largest registered stock of plug-in electric vehicles per capita.

Of the 98 airports in Norway, [98] 52 are public, [] and 46 are operated by the state-owned Avinor. The central gateway to Norway by air is Oslo Airport, Gardermoen. Norway's population was 5,, people in October Norwegians are an ethnic North Germanic people. Since the late 20th century, Norway has attracted immigrants from southern and central Europe, the Mideast, Africa, Asia and beyond. The total fertility rate TFR in was estimated at 1.

In , of the total , with immigrant background, , had Norwegian citizenship Immigrants have settled in all Norwegian municipalities. The Sámi people are indigenous to the Far North and have traditionally inhabited central and northern parts of Norway and Sweden, as well as areas in northern Finland and in Russia on the Kola Peninsula. Another national minority are the Kven people , descendants of Finnish-speaking people who migrated to northern Norway from the 18th up to the 20th century.

From the 19th century up to the s, the Norwegian government tried to assimilate both the Sámi and the Kven, encouraging them to adopt the majority language, culture and religion.

Particularly in the 19th century, when economic conditions were difficult in Norway, tens of thousands of people migrated to the United States and Canada, where they could work and buy land in frontier areas.

Many went to the Midwest and Pacific Northwest. In , according to the US Census Bureau, almost 4. On 1 January [update] , the number of immigrants or children of two immigrants residing in Norway was ,, or Yearly immigration has increased since While yearly net immigration in — was on average 13,, it increased to 37, between and , and in net immigration reached 47, In , the immigrant community which includes immigrants and children born in Norway of immigrant parents grew by 55,, a record high.

Pakistani Norwegians are the largest non-European minority group in Norway. Most of their 32, members live in and around Oslo. The Iraqi and Somali immigrant populations have increased significantly in recent years. The fastest growing immigrant groups in in absolute numbers were from Poland, Lithuania and Sweden. Separation of church and state happened significantly later in Norway than in most of Europe, and remains incomplete.

In , the Norwegian parliament voted to grant the Church of Norway greater autonomy, [] a decision which was confirmed in a constitutional amendment on 21 May Until parliamentary officials were required to be members of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Norway, and at least half of all government ministers had to be a member of the state church.

As state church, the Church of Norway's clergy were viewed as state employees, and the central and regional church administrations were part of the state administration. Members of the Royal family are required to be members of the Lutheran church. On 1 January , Norway made the church independent of the state, but retained the Church's status as the "people's church".

Most Norwegians are registered at baptism as members of the Church of Norway , which has been Norway's state church since its establishment. In recent years the church has been granted increasing internal autonomy, but it retains its special constitutional status and other special ties to the state, and the constitution requires that the reigning monarch must be a member and states that the country's values are based on its Christian and humanist heritage.

Many remain in the church to participate in the community and practices such as baptism , confirmation , marriage and burial rites. About In , about In the early s, studies estimated that between 4. The Swedish, Finnish and Icelandic Lutheran congregations in Norway have about 27, members in total.

Sikhs first came to Norway in the early s. The troubles in Punjab after Operation Blue Star and riots committed against Sikhs in India after the assassination of Indira Gandhi led to an increase in Sikh refugees moving to Norway. Drammen also has a sizeable population of Sikhs; the largest gurdwara in north Europe was built in Lier.

There are eleven Buddhist organisations, grouped under the Buddhistforbundet organisation, with slightly over 14, members, [] which make up 0. The Baha'i religion has slightly more than 1, adherents. It is associated with the huge immigration from Eritrea and Ethiopia , and to a lesser extent from Central and Eastern European and Middle Eastern countries.

Other fast-growing religions were Roman Catholicism As in other Scandinavian countries, the ancient Norse followed a form of native Germanic paganism known as Norse paganism. By the end of the 11th century, when Norway had been Christianised , the indigenous Norse religion and practices were prohibited. Remnants of the native religion and beliefs of Norway survive today in the form of names, referential names of cities and locations, the days of the week, and other parts of everyday language.

Modern interest in the old ways has led to a revival of pagan religious practices in the form of Åsatru. The Norwegian Åsatrufellesskapet Bifrost formed in ; in , the fellowship had about members. Foreningen Forn Sed was formed in and has been recognised by the Norwegian government. The Sámi minority retained their shamanistic religion well into the 18th century, when most converted to Christianity under the influence of Dano-Norwegian Lutheran missionaries.

Although some insist that "indigenous Sámi religion had effectively been eradicated,' [] athropologist Gutorm Gjessing 's Changing Lapps argues that the Sámi's "were outwardly and to all practical purposes converted to Christianity, but at the subconscious and unconscious level, the shamistic frenzy survived, more or less latent, only awaiting the necessary stimulus to break out into the open.

Five percent gave no response. From the s, improvements in public health occurred as a result of development in several areas such as social and living conditions , changes in disease and medical outbreaks, establishment of the health care system, and emphasis on public health matters. Vaccination and increased treatment opportunities with antibiotics resulted in great improvements within the Norwegian population. Improved hygiene and better nutrition were factors that contributed to improved health.

The disease pattern in Norway changed from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases and chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease. Inequalities and social differences are still present in public health in Norway today. In the infant mortality rate was 2. For girls it was 2. Higher education in Norway is offered by a range of seven universities , five specialised colleges, 25 university colleges as well as a range of private colleges.

Public education is virtually free, regardless of nationality. The ultimate responsibility for the education lies with the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research. Norwegian and Sámi are the two official languages of Norway. Both are used in public administration, schools, churches, and media. All Norwegian dialects are mutually intelligible, although listeners with limited exposure to dialects other than their own may struggle to understand certain phrases and pronunciations in some other dialects.

Several Uralic Sámi languages are spoken and written throughout the country, especially in the north, by some members of the Sámi people. Estimates suggest that about one third of the Norwegian Sámi speak a Sámi language. Today the majority of ethnic Kven have little or no knowledge of the language. According to the Kainun institutti , "The typical modern Kven is a Norwegian-speaking Norwegian who knows his genealogy. Some supporters have also advocated making Norwegian Sign Language an official language of the country.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Norwegian language was subject to strong political and cultural controversies. This led to the development of Nynorsk in the 19th century and to the formation of alternative spelling standards in the 20th century.

Norwegian is similar to its neighbour Scandinavian languages ; Swedish and Danish. All three languages are to a degree mutually intelligible and can be, and commonly are, employed in communication among inhabitants of the Scandinavian countries. As a result of the co-operation within the Nordic Council , inhabitants of all Nordic countries, including Iceland and Finland , have the right to communicate with Norwegian authorities in their own language.

Students who are children of immigrant parents are encouraged to learn the Norwegian language. The Norwegian government offers language instructional courses for immigrants wishing to obtain Norwegian citizenship.

With increasing concern about assimilating immigrants, since 1 September , the government has required that an applicant for Norwegian citizenship give evidence of proficiency in either Norwegian or in one of the Sámi languages, or give proof of having attended classes in Norwegian for hours, or meet the language requirements for university studies in Norway that is, by being proficient in one of the Scandinavian languages.

The primary foreign language taught in Norwegian schools is English, considered an international language since the post-WWII era.

The majority of the population is fairly fluent in English, especially those born after World War II. German, French and Spanish are also commonly taught as second or, more often, third languages. Russian, Japanese, Italian, Latin , and rarely Chinese Mandarin are offered in some schools, mostly in the cities.

Traditionally, English, German and French were considered the main foreign languages in Norway. These languages, for instance, were used on Norwegian passports until the s, and university students have a general right to use these languages when submitting their theses. The Norwegian farm culture continues to play a role in contemporary Norwegian culture.

In the 19th century, it inspired a strong romantic nationalistic movement, which is still visible in the Norwegian language and media. Norwegian culture blossomed with nationalist efforts to achieve an independent identity in the areas of literature, art and music. This continues today in the performing arts and as a result of government support for exhibitions, cultural projects and artwork. Norway has been considered a progressive country, which has adopted legislation and policies to support women's rights, minority rights, and LGBT rights.

From the s, gender equality also came high on the state agenda, with the establishment of a public body to promote gender equality, which evolved into the Gender Equality and Anti-Discrimination Ombud. Civil society organisations also continue to play an important role, and the women's rights organisations are today organised in the Norwegian Women's Lobby umbrella organisation. In , the Norwegian constitution was amended to grant absolute primogeniture to the Norwegian throne, meaning that the eldest child, regardless of gender, takes precedence in the line of succession.

As it was not retroactive, the current successor to the throne is the eldest son of the King, rather than his eldest child. The Norwegian constitution Article 6 states that "For those born before the year it shall The Sámi people have for centuries been the subject of discrimination and abuse by the dominant cultures in Scandinavia and Russia, those countries claiming possession of Sámi lands.

In regard to LGBT rights, Norway was the first country in the world to enact an anti-discrimination law protecting the rights of gays and lesbians. In , Norway became the second country to legalise civil union partnerships for same-sex couples, and on 1 January Norway became the sixth country to grant full marriage equality to same-sex couples. As a promoter of human rights, Norway has held the annual Oslo Freedom Forum conference, a gathering described by The Economist as "on its way to becoming a human-rights equivalent of the Davos economic forum.

The Norwegian cinema has received international recognition. The documentary film Kon-Tiki won an Academy Award. In , Arne Skouen 's Nine Lives was nominated, but failed to win. The film was released in and is based on characters from Norwegian cartoonist Kjell Aukrust. It is the most widely seen Norwegian film of all time. Nils Gaup 's Pathfinder , the story of the Sámi , was nominated for an Oscar. Since the s, the film industry has thrived, producing up to 20 feature films each year.

Knut Erik Jensen was among the more successful new directors, together with Erik Skjoldbjærg , who is remembered for Insomnia. The country has also been used as filming location for several Hollywood and other international productions, including The Empire Strikes Back , for which the producers used Hardangerjøkulen glacier as a filming location for scenes of the ice planet Hoth. It included a memorable battle in the snow. The attraction and the film ceased their operations on 5 October The classical music of the romantic composers Edvard Grieg , Rikard Nordraak and Johan Svendsen is internationally known, as is the modern music of Arne Nordheim.

Norway's classical performers include Leif Ove Andsnes , one of the world's more famous pianists; Truls Mørk , an outstanding cellist; and the great Wagnerian soprano Kirsten Flagstad. Norwegian black metal , a form of rock music in Norway , has been an influence in world music since the late 20th century. Since the s, Norway's export of black metal , a lo-fi, dark and raw form of heavy metal , has been developed by such bands as Emperor , Darkthrone , Gorgoroth , Mayhem , Burzum and Immortal.

More recently, bands such as Enslaved , Kvelertak , Dimmu Borgir and Satyricon have evolved the genre into the present day while still garnering worldwide fans. Controversial events associated with the black metal movement in the early s included several church burnings and two prominent murder cases.

The jazz scene in Norway is thriving. Norway has a strong folk music tradition which remains popular to this day. Other internationally recognised bands are A-ha , Röyksopp and Ylvis. In the s and s, the group maintained its popularity domestically, and has remained successful outside Norway, especially in Germany, Switzerland, France, and Brazil.

In recent years, various Norwegian songwriters and production teams have contributed to the music of other international artists. Lene Marlin has written songs for Rihanna and Lovebugs. Norway enjoys many music festivals throughout the year, all over the country. Norway is the host of one of the world's biggest extreme sport festivals with music, Ekstremsportveko —a festival held annually in Voss.

Oslo is the host of many festivals, such as Øyafestivalen and by:Larm. Oslo used to have a summer parade similar to the German Love Parade. In , the city of Oslo wanted to adopt the French music festival Fête de la Musique. Fredrik Carl Størmer established the festival. Even in its first year, "Musikkens Dag" gathered thousands of people and artists in the streets of Oslo. The history of Norwegian literature starts with the pagan Eddaic poems and skaldic verse of the 9th and 10th centuries, with poets such as Bragi Boddason and Eyvindr skáldaspillir.

The arrival of Christianity around the year brought Norway into contact with European medieval learning, hagiography and history writing. Merged with native oral tradition and Icelandic influence, this influenced the literature written in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. Major works of that period include Historia Norwegiæ , Þiðrekssaga and Konungs skuggsjá.

Little Norwegian literature came out of the period of the Scandinavian Union and the subsequent Dano-Norwegian union — , with some notable exceptions such as Petter Dass and Ludvig Holberg. During the union with Denmark, the government imposed using only written Danish, which decreased the writing of Norwegian literature.

Two major events precipitated a major resurgence in Norwegian literature: in a Norwegian university was established in Christiania.

Secondly, seized by the spirit of revolution following the American and French revolutions, the Norwegians created their first Constitution in Strong authors were inspired who became recognised first in Scandinavia, and then worldwide; among them were Henrik Wergeland , Peter Christen Asbjørnsen , Jørgen Moe and Camilla Collett.

Bjørnson's "peasant novels", such as Ein glad gut A Happy Boy and Synnøve Solbakken , are typical of the Norwegian romantic nationalism of their day. Kielland's novels and short stories are mostly naturalistic. Although an important contributor to early romantic nationalism, especially Peer Gynt , Henrik Ibsen is better known for his pioneering realistic dramas such as The Wild Duck and A Doll's House. They caused an uproar because of his candid portrayals of the middle classes, complete with infidelity, unhappy marriages, and corrupt businessmen.

In the 20th century, Norwegian academics have been pioneering in many social sciences , including criminology , sociology and peace and conflict studies. They won the prize for their groundbreaking work identifying the cells that make up a positioning system in the human brain, our "in-built GPS". With expansive forests, Norway has long had a tradition of building in wood.

Many of today's most interesting new buildings are made of wood, reflecting the strong appeal that this material continues to hold for Norwegian designers and builders. With Norway's conversion to Christianity some 1, years ago, churches were built.

Stonework architecture was introduced from Europe for the most important structures, beginning with the construction of Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim. In the early Middle Ages , wooden stave churches were constructed throughout Norway. Some of them have survived; they represent Norway's most unusual contribution to architectural history.

Another notable example of wooden architecture is the buildings at Bryggen Wharf in Bergen, also on the list for World Cultural Heritage sites, consisting of a row of tall, narrow wooden structures along the quayside.

In the 17th century, under the Danish monarchy, cities and villages such as Kongsberg and Røros were established. The city Kongsberg had a church built in the Baroque style. Traditional wooden buildings that were constructed in Røros have survived. After Norway's union with Denmark was dissolved in , Oslo became the capital. The architect Christian H. Grosch designed the earliest parts of the University of Oslo , the Oslo Stock Exchange , and many other buildings and churches constructed in that early national period.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the city of Ålesund was rebuilt in the Art Nouveau style, influenced by styles of France. The s, when functionalism dominated, became a strong period for Norwegian architecture. It is only since the late 20th century that Norwegian architects have achieved international renown.

Its debating chamber, in timber, is an abstract version of a lavvo, the traditional tent used by the nomadic Sámi people. For an extended period, the Norwegian art scene was dominated by artwork from Germany and Holland as well as by the influence of Copenhagen. It was in the 19th century that a truly Norwegian era began, first with portraits, later with impressive landscapes. Johan Christian Dahl — , originally from the Dresden school, eventually returned to paint the landscapes of western Norway, defining Norwegian painting for the first time.

Norway's newly found independence from Denmark encouraged painters to develop their Norwegian identity, especially with landscape painting by artists such as Kitty Kielland , a female painter who studied under Hans Gude , and Harriet Backer , another pioneer among female artists, influenced by impressionism. Frits Thaulow , an impressionist, was influenced by the art scene in Paris as was Christian Krohg , a realist painter, famous for his paintings of prostitutes.

Other artists of note include Harald Sohlberg , a neo-romantic painter remembered for his paintings of Røros , and Odd Nerdrum , a figurative painter who maintains that his work is not art, but kitsch. Lefse is a Norwegian potato flatbread, usually topped with large amounts of butter and sugar, most common around Christmas. Some traditional Norwegian dishes include lutefisk , smalahove , pinnekjøtt , raspeball , and fårikål. And the most popular pastry among all population is vaffel.

It is different from Belgian in taste and consistency and is served with sour cream, brown cheese, butter and sugar, or strawberry or raspberry jam, which can all be mixed or eaten separately.

Sports are a central part of Norwegian culture, and popular sports include association football, handball , biathlon , cross-country skiing , ski jumping , speed skating , and, to a lesser degree, ice hockey.

Association football is the most popular sport in Norway in terms of active membership. In — polling, football ranked far behind biathlon and cross-country skiing in terms of popularity as spectator sports. The men's national football team has participated three times in the FIFA World Cup , , and , and once in the European Championship The highest FIFA ranking Norway has achieved is 2nd, a position it has held twice, in and in Chess is also gaining popularity in Norway.

Magnus Carlsen is the current world champion. Bandy is a traditional sport in Norway and the country is one of the four founders of Federation of International Bandy. In terms of licensed athletes, it is the second biggest winter sport in the world.

Norway first participated at the Olympic Games in , and has sent athletes to compete in every Games since then, except for the sparsely attended Games and the Summer Olympics in Moscow when they participated in the American-led boycott. Norway leads the overall medal tables at the Winter Olympic Games by a considerable margin. The main attractions of Norway are the varied landscapes that extend across the Arctic Circle.

It is famous for its fjord-indented coastline and its mountains, ski resorts, lakes and woods. Much of the nature of Norway remains unspoiled, and thus attracts numerous hikers and skiers. The fjords, mountains and waterfalls in Western and Northern Norway attract several hundred thousand foreign tourists each year. In the cities, cultural idiosyncrasies such as the Holmenkollen ski jump attract many visitors, as do landmarks such as Bergen's Bryggen and Oslo's Vigeland Sculpture Park.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from Norwegia. This article is about the European country. For other uses, see Norway disambiguation.

European country. Anthem:  Ja, vi elsker dette landet "Yes, we love this country". Royal anthem :  Kongesangen King's Song. Show globe. Show map of Europe. Location of the Kingdom of Norway  green in Europe   green and dark grey. Bokmål Nynorsk. Northern Lule Southern. The country has no official motto, but the oath from the Norwegian Constituent Assembly can be regarded as the closest unofficial equivalent: Enige og tro inntil Dovre faller    Bokmål Einige og tru inntil Dovre fell    Nynorsk "United and loyal until Dovre falls" Does not include Svalbard and Jan Mayen.

With the territories, it is the 67th largest country at , [7] square kilometers This percentage is for the mainland, Svalbard, and Jan Mayen. This percentage counts glaciers as "land". It's calculated as 19, Main articles: History of Norway and History of Scandinavia. Main article: Scandinavian prehistory. Main article: Nordic Bronze Age. Main article: Iron Age Scandinavia. Main article: Migration period. See also: Petty kingdoms of Norway.

Main article: Viking Age. Viking swords found in Norway, preserved at the Bergen Museum. Main article: Kingdom of Norway — See also: Greater Norway and Civil war era in Norway. Main article: Kalmar Union. Main article: Denmark—Norway. Main article: United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. See also: Norwegian protectorate and Norwegian romantic nationalism. Main articles: Union dissolution referendum and Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden.

Main articles: Geography of Norway and Geology of Norway. Main article: Wildlife of Norway. The Arctic fox has its habitat in high elevation ranges on the mainland as well as on Svalbard. Muskox in the low alpine tundra at Dovrefjell National Park. Main articles: Politics of Norway and Law of Norway.

See also: Norwegian parliamentary election, See also: Sápmi area. Main article: List of towns and cities in Norway. Largest cities or towns in Norway According to Statistics Dec. Main article: Judiciary of Norway.

Main article: Foreign relations of Norway. Main article: Norwegian Armed Forces. Main article: Demographics of Norway. Main articles: Norwegian diaspora and Norwegian Americans. Main article: Immigration to Norway. This section may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings. January Main article: Religion in Norway. Main article: Health in Norway. Main article: Education in Norway.

Main articles: Languages of Norway and Norwegian dialects. See also: Norwegian language and Sámi languages. Main article: Culture of Norway. Main article: Human rights in Norway. Main article: Cinema of Norway. Main article: Music of Norway. See also: Norwegian music industry.

Main article: Norwegian literature. See also: List of Norwegian writers. Main article: Architecture of Norway. Main article: Norwegian art. Main article: Norwegian cuisine. See also: Football in Norway. Main article: Tourism in Norway. See also: Tourist attractions in Norway. Norway portal.

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Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. Opplegg For Ressursregnskp For Vann notat. Archived from the original on 1 November Retrieved 30 May Sandefjord: A modern city with vast potential. Grafisk Studio. Fielding Worldwide. Archived from the original on 20 March Selected climatic data for a global set of standard stations for vegetation. Retrieved 26 August Meteorologische Zeitschrift. Bibcode : MetZe.. Archived from the original on 5 April Archived from the original on 16 July Retrieved 7 November World Meteorological Organization.

Retrieved 27 October National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 19 November Archived from the original on 11 May The Huffington Post. National Geographic News. Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on 30 April Archived from the original PDF on 4 October Retrieved 27 August Economist Intelligence Unit Retrieved 27 August The Storting's Information Corner. Archived from the original on 29 August Retrieved 9 September The Royal Court of Norway.

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Oslo, Norway. Retrieved 22 September Norske myndigheter har derfor ikke motsatt seg at noen tolker det norske kravet slik at det går helt opp til og inkluderer polpunktet. Transparency International. Archived from the original on 21 October Archived from the original on 6 February Retrieved 12 October Archived from the original on 6 June Archived from the original on 1 May Retrieved 29 August Retrieved 22 April Retrieved 15 June Archived from the original on 29 September Retrieved 2 September OECD , Archived from the original on 26 February Retrieved 18 April September Retrieved 17 December Bezpłatne randki nr 1 w Niemczech.

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Regional language: Kven. Minority status: [4]. Norway has a total area ofsquare kilometres , sq mi [7] and a population of 5, as of Langstekt lammelår over natten